There are many factors that influence the healthcare we receive at the doctor's surgery - the story usually begins with discoveries by scientists working in laboratories. Once scientists spot the potential of this work, they begin developing it with clear goals in mind; to help cure and prevent disease. Other discoveries come because researchers study the spread of a disease between people, or how best to introduce a new treatment. Building on these advances, politicians and doctors are key to the application of treatment, healthcare or changes to public policies.